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HM Prison Portland is a male Adult/Young Offenders Institution, located in the village of The Grove on the Isle of Portland, in Dorset, England. Portland YOI prison is operated by Her Majesty's Prison Service. The prison was originally opened in 1848 as an adult convict establishment, before becoming a Borstal in 1921, and a YOI in 1988. In 2011 the prison's became an Adult/Young Offenders establishment. ==History== In November 1848, Portland's prison was opened for the holding of adult convicts. The purpose of a prison on the island was largely for the use of convict labour, to help construct the breakwaters of Portland Harbour and its various defences. The first convicts, totaling 64, arrived aboard the HM Steamer ''Driver'' on 21 November 1848. A large array of nearby quarries were developed for convicts to work in. Once established, the Admiralty Quarries, as they were known, saw convict labour providing 10,000 tons of stone per week for use on the breakwaters.〔http://www.southampton.ac.uk/~imw/Portland-Quarries.htm〕 The conditions within both the prison and its quarries throughout the 19th-century would later help calls for penal reform in the UK, as many prisoners died while quarrying stone. From the moment of the prison's inception, the convicts became a tourist attraction. The village of The Grove had been developed directly due to the prison, and a number of homeowners decided to open cafes from the upstairs of their houses for tourists to watch the convicts at work. In 1855, a waterworks, known as Folly Pier Waterworks was built below the prison on the eastern coastline, to provide water to the prison.〔http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/Gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=1421514&resourceID=7〕 In 1869 the government announced that the original temporary prison was to become a permanent establishment. The local residents launched a petition against this,〔http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~pbtyc/Portland/PYB/Chronology.html〕 however this not deter the government's plans. The new, permanent stone buildings were soon constructed within the old building. Between 1870-72, convicts embarked on the construction of St. Peter's Church, just outside of the prison. It was in use until it was made redundant in 1973. It remains a Grade II * Listed building. One famous inmate from the prison was John Babbacombe Lee. In 1921 the government announced that the Portland convict establishment was to be converted into a Borstal. This followed Borstals at Rochester in 1902, and Feltham in 1911, with Portland receiving the troublesome cases from these establishments. Between 1931 and 1935, the Borstal Boys embarked on turning a disused convict quarry into a sports stadium, Grove Sports Stadium, at the back of St. Peter's Church. With the outbreak of World War II, Portland was a natural target for German aircraft, due to the importance of island's naval base.〔http://www.geoffkirby.co.uk/PortlandArchivePictures/html/world_war_2.html〕 On 15 August 1940, a raid saw the Borstal's Rodney House block bombed. This left four boys dead and others severely injured, including five being admitted to hospital. In 1983, the Borstal changed to Youth Custody Centre.〔https://www.justice.gov.uk/contacts/prison-finder/portland〕 In 1988 the prison was re-rolled as a Young Offenders Institution (YOI, Portland), holding up to 519 young males aged 18 to 21. Accommodation at the prison was divided into seven blocks, Benbow, Raleigh, Drake, Nelson, Grenville, Collingwood, and Beaufort. The establishment offers a range of vocational training. In 2009, the prison was the setting for Ian Wright's ''Football Behind Bars'' television series. The Sky1 reality TV series featured Wright's work to transform the lives of 24 serious young offenders. It was based on socializing the young men by organizing them in a football academy.〔http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1578630/〕 In April 2011 the prison's role changed to an Adult/Young Offenders establishment.〔http://www.justice.gov.uk/contacts/prison-finder/portland〕 In late 2013, it was announced that the YOI will be one of a number of resettlement prisons. This news coincided with the recent decision to turn HM Prison The Verne into an immigration removal centre. In 2010, with the assistance of the prison, a community project was completed to restore the Governor's Community Garden and open it to the public. These gardens were originally attached to the prison governor's residence opposite the main entrance of the prison. Around 2011, at The Verne prison, the Jailhouse Cafe was opened to the public, which was created to reduce re-offending and to offer prisoners work experience. When The Verne prison was converted to an Immigration Removal Centre in early 2014, the cafe has continued by using prisoners from the YOI. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「HM Prison Portland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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